shilpashree shekar

Student names: Shilpashree, Bharathi, Lekhana, Leelavathi, Sangetha, Bindu


 College: CMR National PUC, ITPL, Bengaluru


 Specimen Name: Cockroach’s leg [
 
 Periplaneta americana ]
 


 Class: Insects


 Phylum: Arthropoda


 Specimen collected from : our home


 Specimen observed at :CMR National PUC , ITPL, Bengaluru on 19th DEC 2018


 We all participated in a foldscope workshop conducted by our biology teacher. It is realy exciting to see organism under foldscope. Preparing the slide was interesting . We took out metathorarcic leg of an adult cockroach .  The picture shows the trochanter (a triangular short rod-like) and the femur (long&amp;spiny) parts of leg.

<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="IMG-20181219-WA0002 (1)" class="wp-image-106636 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="106636" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20181219-WA0002 (1)" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_106589/IMG-20181219-WA0002-1.jpg"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="IMG-20181219-WA0006" class="wp-image-106638 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="106638" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20181219-WA0006" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_106589/IMG-20181219-WA0006.jpg"/>
</figure>

Legs of Cockroach

STUDENT NAMES: Shilpashree, Barathi, Lekhana, Lilavathi, Mahitha.


 COLLEGE: CMR National PU, ITPL, Bangalore.


 SPECIMEN’S NAME: Honey Bee[
 
 APIS INDICA ]
 


 ORDER: Hymenoptera


 CLASS: Insecta


 PHYLUM: Arthropoda


 Specimen collected at : Class


 Specimen Observed at : CMR National PU, ITPL, Bangalore on 23rd Feb 2019


 I &amp; my friends collected a bee which was already dead fallen at our class. Then we took it to see under foldscope. We dissected the honey bee’s leg, wings &amp; eyes to see it under the microscope. We also prepared slides, where we had lot of fun.


 Honey Bee is a social insect, and three distinct morphological forms (members) can be identified in colony of bees. These are queen, workers &amp;drone.


 The picture below shows the different parts of worker bee observed under foldscope.

<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0058" class="wp-image-130364 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130364" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0058" height="456" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0058.jpg" width="341"/>
 <figcaption>
 
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0056" class="wp-image-130373 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130373" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0056" height="474" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0056.jpg" width="357"/>
 <figcaption>
 Two pairs of membranous wings are present dorsally. They are strengthened by various veins. Fore wings are much larger than hind wings . Here we have showed the fore wings.
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0055" class="wp-image-130376 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130376" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0055" height="483" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0055.jpg" width="362"/>
 </figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0059 (1)" class="wp-image-130377 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130377" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0059 (1)" height="344" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0059-1.jpg" width="258"/>
 <figcaption>
 Honey bees have 3 pairs of segmented legs. It is primarily used for walking. However, it’s legs have specialized area such as the antennae cleaners on the forelegs, and the pollen baskets on the hind legs. Here it shows the prothoracic leg of adult honey bee.
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0046 (1)" class="wp-image-130383 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130383" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0046 (1)" height="645" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0046-1.jpg" width="484"/>
 </figure>
</div>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190224-WA0045" class="wp-image-130387 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="130387" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190224-WA0045" height="446" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_130143/IMG-20190224-WA0045.jpg" width="335"/>
 <figcaption>
 It have compound eyes made of thousands of tiny lenses called facets. Eyes are present dorso- laterally on it.
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>

Honey bee

Students name: Shilpashree.S , Barathi Kumari.


 College name: CMR National PU College, ITPL


 Sample name: Ant &amp; cockroach repellent, Mortein &amp; Good night repellents


 Sample collected at: home


 Sample viewed at: CMR National PU College , ITPL on 9/3/19


 Description:
 
 Me and my friend Bharthi were highly motivated to work on different types of insect repellents soon after Manu Sir commented on a post by Bharthi and we are thankful to him for giving us such an amazing idea of conducting a research on different types of insect repellents. Our teachers helped in conducting a workshop &amp; we observed many brands of mosquito repellents under the foldscope. We had a lot of fun during this session and it was a great learning experience.


 Mosquito repellents are substances that are designed to make surfaces unpleasant or unattractive to mosquitoes. They typically contain an active ingredient &amp; cosmetics appeal . They are available, in many forms, from creams to lotions to oils, but are most often sold as aerosol products.

<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://i2.wp.com/st1.thehealthsite.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/mosquito-coils.jpg?w=1000"/>
 <figcaption>
 
 
 </figcaption>
</figure>
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 <img alt="Good night repellent" aria-label="image 1 of 2 in gallery" class="gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="136286" data-comments-opened="1" data-height="1040" data-id="136286" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="Good night repellent" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=136286" data-url="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_136272/Good-night-repellent.jpg" data-width="780" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_136272/Good-night-repellent.jpg"/>
 </figure>
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 <img alt="mortien" aria-label="image 2 of 2 in gallery" class="gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="136290" data-comments-opened="1" data-height="1040" data-id="136290" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="mortien" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=136290" data-url="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_136272/mortien.jpg" data-width="780" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_136272/mortien.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </div>
 </div>
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</div>

 As observed under foldscope, the repellents comprised of very minute and fine particles. Continued use of such repellents can be disadvantageous.


 Disadvantages: Mosquito repellents have active ingredient called DEET or N- N-diethyl-meta toluamide or diethyl toluamide. DEET serves as a true repellent in that mosquitoes instantly dislike the smell of the chemical repellent. It posses health problems to humans. It acts as an “irritant” &amp; may cause skin allergies. It can cause breathing difficulty, burning eyes and headaches. Long term exposure can lead to hormonal imbalance such as TSH( Thyroid stimulating hormone), which can cause hypo/hypertyriodism.


 Is the smoke harmful for lungs? There’s growing concern about adverse health impact associated with the burning of mosquito coils and sticks indoors. Studies show that the particulate matter produced from burning one mosquito coil is equivalent to burning 75-135 cigarettes. This amount of exposure poses a health risk, but there is a lack of clear evidences that long-term exposure to mosquito coil smoke increases the risk of more serious health impacts such as “lung cancer”.


 
 Alternative methods &amp; Precautions:
 


 Instead of chemical repellents, the best way to stay away from mosquitoes is to use “coconut husk’s smoke’. The smoke produced from this is harmless since it is natural, and is effective in repelling mosquitoes.


 We can grow lemon grasses plants in your balcony. Avoid any dark color paints for our doors/windows etc.


 Natural repellents: 1.Lemon ecalyptus oil, 2. Lavaunder ,3.Cinnamon oil, 4.Thyme oil, 5. Soyabean oil

MOSQUITO REPELLENTS

Student names:  Shilpashree, Bharathi Kumari


 College name: CMR National PU College, ITPL


 Sample names: Neosporin antiseptic powder, Sandalwood talc, Compact powder&amp; White tone face powder.


 Sample viewed at: CMR National PU College, ITPL


 Sample collected from: our home


 Description: Me &amp; my friend were very fascinated to observe different brands of talcum powder under foldscope &amp; to do comparative study about the particles. Observing micron sized cleavage particles under the foldscope was really interesting &amp; we had a lot of fun.


 Neosporin powder: GENERIC NAME : Neomycin- Bacitracin- Polymyxin. The product contains neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin, antibiotics that work by stopping the growth of bacteria.

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="neosporin powder" class="wp-image-139149 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="139149" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="neosporin powder" height="494" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_138728/neosporin-powder.jpg" width="371"/>
</figure>

 Talc powders: Talc is clay mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate . This mineral is used as a main ingredient in many cosmetic products . These products does not only contain talc but also contains asbestos,a substance known to cause cancer in &amp; around the lungs when inhaled. Even if the talc powder contained no asbestos, the talc itself might be a respiratory health hazard ,in part because of its very small particle size. Particle down in the micron range are inhaled very deeply into the lung &amp; are difficult to expel.


 Does talcum powder cause cancer? According to some studies done by experts tell us that talcum powder might cause Ovarian Cancer, particularly if the powder is applied to the genital area.

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="sandal powder" class="wp-image-139151 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="139151" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="sandal powder" height="618" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_138728/sandal-powder.jpg" width="464"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="whitetone powder" class="wp-image-139152 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="139152" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="whitetone powder" height="623" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_138728/whitetone-powder.jpg" width="468"/>
</figure>

 Compact powder: It is a cosmetic powder applied to face to set a foundation after application. But sometimes it causes side effects on skin like itching, scares, change in color of skin, rashes &amp; redness on skin it may be due to incompatibility or due to allergy.

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="compact powder" class="wp-image-139153 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="139153" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="compact powder" height="633" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_138728/compact-powder.jpg" width="475"/>
</figure>

TALCUM POWDERS

Student names : Susmitha.L, Anna, Shilpa


 College : CMR National PU college, ITPL


 Specimen name: Pill bug


 Phylum: Arthropods


 Subphylum: Crustacea


 Class: Malacostraca


 Superorder: Peracarida


 Order: Isopoda


 Suborder: Oniscidea


 Specimen collected from: home


 Specimen observed at: CMR National PU College, ITPL, on 28 Aug 2019


 I observed a kind of insect which used to roll itself into a ball when touched. Initially I thought it was a worm , since it had a lot of legs. So, I was interested to know what kind of insect was that. As a result I took that insect to college &amp; prepared slides, dissecting it’s each part with the help of my friends observed it under fold scope. Now as I have come to know that it was the pill bug belonging to the family Armadillidiidae, gives a kind of knowledge about those insects which are rarely seen .

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190827-WA0005" class="wp-image-168453 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="168453" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190827-WA0005" height="420" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_168442/IMG-20190827-WA0005.jpg" width="315"/>
 <figcaption>
 Head of pill bug
 </figcaption>
</figure>

 There common names are pill bug , roly polies, slaters, potato bugs. The best known species in the family is
 
 Armadillidium vulgare. T
 
 hese insects are able to form their bodies into ball shape, in a process known as
 
 conglobation.
 
 This behavior is shared with pill millipedes, armadillos, and cuckoo wasps. It may be triggered by stimuli such as vibrations or pressure , and is a key defense against predation ; it may also reduce respiratory water losses.

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="Capture" class="wp-image-168454 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="168454" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"admin","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1567027848","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="Capture" data-recalc-dims="1" height="237" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_168442/Capture.jpg" width="467"/>
 <figcaption>
 The pill bug
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="alignleft is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190827-WA0001" class="wp-image-168452 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="168452" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190827-WA0001" height="469" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_168442/IMG-20190827-WA0001.jpg" width="352"/>
 <figcaption>
 Antennae of pill bug
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>


<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="alignleft is-resized">
 <img alt="IMG-20190827-WA0009" class="wp-image-168451 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="168451" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190827-WA0009" height="469" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_168442/IMG-20190827-WA0009.jpg" width="352"/>
 <figcaption>
 Metathoracic leg of pill bug
 
 
 
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>

Armadillidiidae(Pill bug)

(also known as mexicon mint)


 Scientific name:
 
 Plectranthus amboinicus
 


 Student names : Bharathi kumari,Shilpashree


 College name: CMR National PU college ,ITPL


 Description:

<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="Screenshot_20190904-222354" class="wp-image-169330 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="169330" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="Screenshot_20190904-222354" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Screenshot_20190904-222354.png"/>
</figure>

 Clade: Angiosperms , Order: Lamiales , Family: Lamiaceace , Genus: Plectranthus , Spieces: P.amboinicus,

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 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20190904-WA0000" class="wp-image-169300 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="169300" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="169300" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190904-WA0000" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=169300" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/IMG-20190904-WA0000.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Fig.1
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20190827-WA0014" class="wp-image-169302 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="169302" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="169302" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190827-WA0014" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=169302" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/IMG-20190827-WA0014.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Fig.2
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20190827-WA0010" class="wp-image-169331 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="169331" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="169331" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20190827-WA0010" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=169331" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/IMG-20190827-WA0010.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
</ul>

 Fig .1. Stoma of a
 <a alt="Leaf" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Leaf">
 leaf
 </a>
 under a
 <a alt="Microscope" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Microscope">
 microscope
 </a>


 Fig .2. Stomata of leaf under foldscope .


 In
 <a alt="Botany" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Botany">
 botany
 </a>
 , a
 
 stoma
 
 (also
 
 stomate
 
 ; plural
 
 stomata
 
 ) is a tiny opening or
 <a alt="Pore" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Pore">
 pore
 </a>
 that is used for
 <a alt="Gas" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Gas">
 gas
 </a>
 exchange. They are mostly found on the under-surface of
 <a alt="Plant" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Plant">
 plant
 </a>
 <a alt="Leaf" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Leaf">
 leaves
 </a>
 .Almost all land plants have stomata.Stomata have two main functions. First is gaseous exchange i.e. intake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen. Second is facilitating the process of
 <a alt="Transpiration" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_169298/Transpiration">
 transpiration
 </a>
 in plants.


 Here we have took the lower section of the Mexicon mint &amp; obeserved under . Below are some of the uses about the Mexicon mint.


 The compounds contained in the herb act as a powerful expectorant to eliminate mucus and phlegm from our respiratory tract.


 This can also help to boost our immune system by preventing bacteria or other pathogens.


 One of the most popular uses of Indian borage is as an effective skin treatment. From bug bites and stings to eczema and psoriasis, Indian borage possesses the anti-inflammatory compounds that can quickly reduce redness and swelling while also eliminating itchiness and irritation.

Indian borage

Students name : Shilpa , Bharathi, Leelavathi


 College name:CMR National PUcollege, ITPL, Bengalore


 Specimen: Papilio demoleus(lime butterfly)


 Parts observed under foldscope: Proboscis, Wing dust, scales on wings&amp; antenna


 Kingdom: Animalia


 Phylum: Arthropods


 Class: Insect


 <div>
 Order: Lepidoptera
 </div>
 
 Family: Papilionidae
 
 
 Genus :
 
 papilio
 
 
 
 Species:
 
 P. demoleus
 
 
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 <img alt="IMG_20191106_141358" class="wp-image-185500 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185500" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185500" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"4","credit":"","camera":"vivo 1904","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1573049641","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.65","iso":"2543","shutter_speed":"0.040012","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="IMG_20191106_141358" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185500" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG_20191106_141358-1.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG_20191106_141109" class="wp-image-185501 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185501" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185501" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"4","credit":"","camera":"vivo 1904","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1573049472","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.65","iso":"124","shutter_speed":"0.0048","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20191106_141109" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185501" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG_20191106_141109-1.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20191118-WA0004" class="wp-image-185505 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185505" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185505" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20191118-WA0004" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185505" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG-20191118-WA0004.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Antenna
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20191118-WA0002" class="wp-image-185506 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185506" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185506" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20191118-WA0002" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185506" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG-20191118-WA0002.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Scales on wing
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
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 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG-20191118-WA0000" class="wp-image-185508 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185508" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185508" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20191118-WA0000" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185508" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG-20191118-WA0000.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Proboscis
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
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 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG_20191106_164344" class="wp-image-185512 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="185512" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="185512" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"vivo 1904","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1573058627","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.65","iso":"409","shutter_speed":"0.049999","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG_20191106_164344" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=185512" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/IMG_20191106_164344-1.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Wing dust
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
 </ul>
 
 Description: The lime swallowtail,
 
 Papilio demoleus
 
 Linnaeus, is sometimes called the chequered or citrus swallowtail. This butterfly ranges widely and is an extremely successful invader. Its proliferation appears to be aided by agricultural land use and urbanization that create new, suitable open habitat and enhanced availability of resource.
 
 
 
 First to start with proboscis:
 
 The mouth parts of Lepidoptera mainly consist of the sucking kind; this part is known as the proboscis or ‘haustellum’. The proboscis consists of two tubes held together by hooks and separable for cleaning. The proboscis contains muscles for operating.
 
 The study of insect mouthparts was helpful for the understanding of the functional mechanism of the proboscis of
 <a alt="Butterfly" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/Butterfly">
 butterflies
 </a>
 (Lepidoptera) to elucidate the evolution of new form-function. The study of the proboscis of butterflies revealed surprising examples of adaptations to different kinds of fluid food, including
 <a alt="Nectar" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/Nectar">
 nectar
 </a>
 ,
 <a alt="Plant_sap" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/Plant_sap">
 plant sap
 </a>
 , tree sap, dung and of adaptations to the use of pollen.
 
 
 Secondly about its antennae :
 
 When butterflies flit from flower to flower, they’re not on random trips. Butterflies have remarkable antennae that help them find their way, help them locate each other and even help them tell time of day. Butterflies’ antennae work along with sensors on their feet as essential tools that allow them to find food, migrate, mate and sleep.
 
 
 Lastly to say about wing dust&amp; scales on wings which we, in the sense our senior Anjali who clearly differentiated the wing dust of butterfly&amp; moth &amp; even the scales on wings. Below is the link of her post:
 
 <a href="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?p=120695">
 https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?p=120695
 </a>
 <a alt="lime_swallowtail.htm#top" class="gcloudimg" href="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_185486/lime_swallowtail.htm%23top">
 </a>
 
 
 
 Eggs:
 
 The eggs are pale yellow, nearly spherical, about 1.5 mm, basally flattened, and smooth. Females lay eggs singly near the edges of the host plant leaves.
 
 Larvae:
 
 First instars are black with a black head, with two sub-dorsal rows of short fleshy spines. Second, third, and fourth instars have a dark brown, glossy head capsule. There is an additional row of paired fleshy spines on the thorax. The head is brown, smooth and glossy, with short hairs.
 
 
 
 Pupae:
 
 The pupae are stout, rugose, and about 30 mm long. They are attached to the thicker stems of the host plant, or to adjacent sticks and rocks. The color is dimorphic, typical for many swallowtails, being either pale green or pink-brown with other variable cryptic markings. The green form is usually marked dorsally with yellow. The color pattern imitates the dominant surrounding color to which the pupa is attached. The pupal duration is variable. In some areas, it is about 30 days in spring, reducing to 18 days in summer, but often those pupae formed in captivity during autumn will not produce adults until the following spring, or even longer with one record of 280 days.
 
 
 Adults: The adults range in wingspan from 80-100 mm. The hindwing has no tail. The upper portion of the forewing is largely black and the outer wing margin has a series of irregular yellow spots. Two yellow spots are present at the upper end of the discal cell with several scattered yellow spots in the apical region. The upper hindwing has a red tornal spot and the discal black band is dusted with yellow scales. The under side is paler yellow with the black areas more heavily dusted with yellow. The adults fly in every month but are more abundant after monsoons.

Papilio demoleus

<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-49366" class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_49366" style="width: 225px">
 <img alt="IMG-20180719-WA0001" class="size-medium wp-image-49366 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49366" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20180719-WA0001" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49353/IMG-20180719-WA0001.jpg" width="225"/>
 <figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-49366">
 sugar crystals
 </figcaption>
</figure>

 NAME: Shilpashree. S
 
 COLLEGE: CMR National PU college, ITPL, Bengaluru
 
 Item Observed: Sugar crystals


 Description: The sugar crystals when observed via naked eyes looks very small has nano particles. While the same item when it was observed via ‘FOLDSCOPE’ it was surprising, that the small crystals appeared as a macro molecules. It was really exiting to observe nano-particles through FOLDSCOPE.

Sugar Crystals

STUDENT:Shilpashree.S


 COLlEGE:CMR National PU college, ITPL,Bangalore


 I along with my fellow students at CMR IT, Bengaluru, observed auramine O under a foldscope on the 25th of September,2018.
 
 Auramine O is a diarylmethane dye used as a fluoroscent stain. In its pure form, Auromine O appears as yellow needle crystals. It is very soluble in water and soluble in ethanol.
 
 Auramine O can be used to stain acid-fast bacteria (e.g. Mycobacteria) in a way similar to Ziehl-Neelsen stain. It can be also used as an antiseptic agent.


 <img alt="IMG-20181013-WA0003" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-71630 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="71630" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20181013-WA0003" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_71608/IMG-20181013-WA0003.jpg" width="300"/>

Auramine O

Name: Shilpashree. S


 College:CMR PUCollege ITPL,Bengaluru


 I along with my friends observered, potassium metabisuphite  under a foldscope. I would like to give some information on this nanoparticle.


 Potassium meta bisulfite, K2S2O5, is a white crystalline powder with a pungent sulfur odour. The main use for the chemical is as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant. It is used as a food additives. Used as preservative . It is an inhibitor of the polyphenol oxidase enzyme.
 <img alt="IMG-20181013-WA0004" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-77936 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="77936" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20181013-WA0004" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_77932/IMG-20181013-WA0004.jpg" width="300"/>

Potassium Metabisulphite

NAME: Shilpashree. S


 COLLEGE: CMR PUCollege, ITPL, Bangalore


 It was very interesting to see Potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7 under foldscope. It is a common inorganic chemical reagent,used as an oxidizing agent in various laboratory &amp; industrial application.


 It is a crystalline ionic solid with a very bright, red-orange color.The main use is as a precursor to potassium chrome alum, used in leather tanning.In 2005-06,potassium dichromate was the 11th-most -prevalent allergen in patch test.


 <img alt="IMG-20181013-WA0001" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-79485 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="79485" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG-20181013-WA0001" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_79455/IMG-20181013-WA0001.jpg" width="225"/>

shilpashree shekar

Earth

Posts

Sugar Crystals

Auramine O

Potassium Metabisulphite

K2Cr2O7

Legs of Cockroach

Honey bee

MOSQUITO REPELLENTS

TALCUM POWDERS

Armadillidiidae(Pill bug)

Indian borage

Papilio demoleus

Sugar Crystals

Auramine O

Potassium Metabisulphite

K2Cr2O7

Legs of Cockroach

Honey bee

MOSQUITO REPELLENTS

TALCUM POWDERS

Armadillidiidae(Pill bug)

Indian borage

Papilio demoleus

Sugar Crystals

Auramine O

Potassium Metabisulphite

K2Cr2O7

Locations

Statistics

Type of Sample

Foldscope Lens Magnification