Dr. Rajappa Joga

Pollen morphology of wild Musa

<div class="wp-block-cover has-background-dim" style="background-image:url(https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/101-male-floral-structure-2.jpg)">
 
 Floral structure of
 
 Musa
 
 
</div>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="male bract" class="wp-image-128999 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="128999" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549542099","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.1","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="male bract" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/male-bract-101.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 bract of banana
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="free tepal of male flower" class="wp-image-129003 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129003" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.4","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549541638","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="free tepal of male flower" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/free-tepal-of-male-flower.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 free tepal
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="compound tepal" class="wp-image-128998 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="128998" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549542490","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.02","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="compound tepal" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/compound-tepal-101.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 compound tepal of banana
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="anther" class="wp-image-129011 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129011" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549542874","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.02","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="anther" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/anther-with-pollen-grains.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 anther with pollen grains
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="stigma" class="wp-image-129012 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129012" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549974112","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"500","shutter_speed":"0.1","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="stigma" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/stigma.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 stigma
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="cross section of ovary" class="wp-image-129013 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129013" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1549974587","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.04","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="cross section of ovary" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129004/cross-section-of-ovary.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 cross section of ovary
 </figcaption>
</figure>

Floral structures of banana (wild Musa) viewed under foldscope

<div class="wp-block-cover has-background-dim" style="background-image:url(https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/DSC9462.jpg)">
</div>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190218_104025" class="wp-image-129820 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129820" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.4","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550486424","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"250","shutter_speed":"0.02","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="20190218_104025" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190218_104025.jpg"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="IMG_20190220_113815461_HDR" class="wp-image-129812 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129812" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550662696","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"181","shutter_speed":"0.030004","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20190220_113815461_HDR" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/IMG_20190220_113815461_HDR.jpg"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190220_114312" class="wp-image-129809 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129809" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.4","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550662992","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.02","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="20190220_114312" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190220_114312.jpg"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190218_130646" class="wp-image-129827 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129827" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.9","credit":"","camera":"SM-G610F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550495206","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.6","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="20190218_130646" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190218_130646.jpg"/>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190219_114550" class="wp-image-129839 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129839" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.9","credit":"","camera":"SM-G610F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550576750","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.6","iso":"200","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="20190219_114550" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190219_114550.jpg"/>
</figure>

 To introduce the use of foldscope in agriculture, a 3-day workshop on “Foldscope” was organized from February 18- 21 February 2019 by the ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam- 793103, Meghalaya. Students of classes VI to XI from Kendriya Vidyalaya School, North Eastern Police Academy participated in the workshop. Students were imparted with the variuos applications and aspects of foldscope, particularly the use of smartphones in foldscope. Also, exposing and making them aquaintance with the work done in laboratories.


 Students were taught in brief on the importance of flower, floral structure, preparation of slides using stains and viewing pollen grains of
 
 Musa
 
 under foldscope. in-vitro germination of pollen grains was also briefed. Utility of foldscope in observing the disease causing pathogens in plants was also explained.


 The programme witnessed students’s enthusiasm in learning throughout until the successful completion of the workshop.

<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190220_114757" class="wp-image-129810 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129810" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.4","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550663277","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="20190220_114757" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190220_114757.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Petal of
 
 Rhododendron simsii
 
 viewed under foldscope
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="20190220_121656" class="wp-image-129811 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129811" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.4","credit":"","camera":"SM-N960F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550665016","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.0036496350364964","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="20190220_121656" data-recalc-dims="1" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129837/20190220_121656.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 
 Musa
 
 pollen
 </figcaption>
</figure>

Three days workshop focusing on the use of foldscope in agriculture

Helicotylenchus, commonly known as spiral nematodes is a genus of nematodes in the family Hoplolamidae. They survive as parasitic nematodes of plant ; feeding either inside the host plant roots (endoparasite) or outside (ectoparasite), as a result causing economic damage to agricultural crops.The genus Helicotylenchus however, belongs to the ectoparasites.

Helicotylenchus: a spiral nematode seen under foldscope

Wild Musa species collected from Arunachal Pradesh, India, were studied for its pollen morphology. The male bud of the plant bearing the male flowers were used. The creamy white pollen from the anthers were dusted on the slide and viewed under the foldscope. The pollens appeared spherical to ovoid in shape.

Pollen morphology of wild Musa spp. collected from Arunachal Pradesh.

Workshop on the use of foldscope was conducted at Bethesda Higher Secondary School, Mawiong Umjapung, Shillong. School students including the faculty members attended the workshop.Students were explained about the foldscope assembly and its usage.They were engrosssed to observe the permanent slides and the slide made to observe pollen.


 <img alt="IMG_20181113_105936741" class="aligncenter wp-image-87435 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87435" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542106777","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"438","shutter_speed":"0.040001","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181113_105936741" data-recalc-dims="1" height="275" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/IMG_20181113_105936741.jpg" width="365"/>


 <img alt="IMG_20181113_110113456" class="aligncenter wp-image-87436 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87436" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181113_110113456" data-recalc-dims="1" height="131" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/IMG_20181113_110113456.jpg" width="455"/>


 <img alt="IMG_20181113_110656535" class="aligncenter wp-image-87437 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87437" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542107216","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"120","shutter_speed":"0.030004","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181113_110656535" data-recalc-dims="1" height="287" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/IMG_20181113_110656535.jpg" width="383"/>


 <img alt="IMG_20181113_110722434" class="aligncenter wp-image-87438 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87438" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542107242","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"205","shutter_speed":"0.040001","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181113_110722434" data-recalc-dims="1" height="322" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/IMG_20181113_110722434.jpg" width="427"/>


 <img alt="fern rhizome" class="aligncenter wp-image-87434 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87434" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1540395705","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"119","shutter_speed":"0.003827","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="fern rhizome" data-recalc-dims="1" height="399" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/fern-rhizome.jpg" width="301"/>


 <img alt="" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-87432 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="87432" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo K8 Note","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1540986848","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"579","shutter_speed":"0.040001","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_87431/Chrysanthemum-pollen.jpg" width="300"/>

Dr. Rajappa Joga

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Three days workshop focusing on the use of foldscope in agriculture

Helicotylenchus: a spiral nematode seen under foldscope

Pollen morphology of wild Musa spp. collected from Arunachal Pradesh.

Popularizing Foldscope at Bethesda Higher Secondary School, Shillong

Pollen morphology of wild Musa

Floral structures of banana (wild Musa) viewed under foldscope

Three days workshop focusing on the use of foldscope in agriculture

Helicotylenchus: a spiral nematode seen under foldscope

Pollen morphology of wild Musa spp. collected from Arunachal Pradesh.

Popularizing Foldscope at Bethesda Higher Secondary School, Shillong

Pollen morphology of wild Musa

Floral structures of banana (wild Musa) viewed under foldscope

Three days workshop focusing on the use of foldscope in agriculture

Helicotylenchus: a spiral nematode seen under foldscope

Pollen morphology of wild Musa spp. collected from Arunachal Pradesh.

Popularizing Foldscope at Bethesda Higher Secondary School, Shillong

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