Gopika Anil

College : CMR National PU College, ITPL, Bengaluru


 Sample: Beetle


 Site of sample collection: CMR National PU College, ITPL


 Date of Collection: 19 February 2019


 Date of Observation: 19 February 2019


 Students involved: Ramya Nambiar, Shwetha Santhosh, Gopika Anil


 Kingdom:
 
 Animalia
 
 ,
 
 Phylum:
 
 Arthropoda
 
 
 Class:
 
 Insecta
 
 
 Order:
 
 Coleoptera
 


 The
leg of a beetle was viewed under the foldscope to produce clear and
sharp outcomes.


 The
beetles (like all other insects) have three pairs of legs. The
jointed legs are composed of five main segments. The multisegmented
legs end in two to five small segments called tarsi. The leg, when
viewed under the foldscope appeared in a shade of brown under the
light. Tiny hair like structures could also be seen on the legs.
These play a key-role in generating thrust during swimming by making
the leg more paddle-like.


 The
shape and size of the leg varies depending on the beetle’s
lifestyle. The legs are primarily used for locomotion. It can also be
used for swimming, digging and jumping.

<div class="wp-block-image">
 <figure class="aligncenter is-resized">
 <img alt="beetle-leg" class="wp-image-128857 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="128857" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="beetle-leg" data-recalc-dims="1" height="372" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_128856/beetle-leg.jpeg" width="279"/>
 <figcaption>
 beetle’s leg under the foldscope
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
</div>

Leg of a beetle

College : CMR National PU College, ITPL, Bengaluru


 Sample: Fungus


 Site of sample collection: University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore


 Date of Collection: 18 June 2019


 Date of Observation: 21 June 2019


 Students involved: Ramya Nambiar, Shwetha Santhosh, Gopika Anil, Malavika Rajesh


 On our trip to the University of Agricultural Sciences, we had collected a sample of fungus growing on a tissue culture medium. The sample was viewed under the foldscope to produce clear and sharp outcomes.


 
 Tissue culture is a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. Plant tissue culture now has direct commercial applications as well as value in basic research into cell biology, genetics and biochemistry.


 
 Fungi or molds produce thin filamentous mycelia and sometimes denser clumps of spores. They are easy to observe under a low power microscope and can even be seen without magnification in advanced stages of contamination. They can appear in a shade of white,yellow or black in culture and when in advanced mycelial growth stages look like large fuzzy patches in the dish or flask. They grow as multicellular filaments called hyphae. A connected network of these multicellular filaments contain genetically identical nuclei, and are referred to as a colony or mycelium.

<figure class="wp-block-image is-resized">
 <img alt="tissue culture" class="wp-image-159347 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="159347" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="tissue culture" height="387" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_159345/tissue-culture.jpeg" width="516"/>
 <figcaption>
 fungal mass under foldscope
 </figcaption>
</figure>

 
 Under the foldscope, the fungal mass appeared in a shade of brown when viewed under the light. The mycelia usually appear as thin, wisp-like filaments, and at some places as denser clumps of spores.  The exogenous spores are seen on the sporaniophore.


 
 Cell cultures can often be cured of fungus contamination when detected early by treatment with certain antibiotics (like antimycotics).The two most common antimycotic agents used in cell culture that are effective against fungi or moulds are Amphotericin B (Fungizone) and mycostatin (Nystatin).

Gopika Anil

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Leg of a beetle

Fungal growth on tissue culture medium

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Type of Sample

Foldscope Lens Magnification