Plant stomata (singular: stoma) are small pores found on the surfaces of leaves and stems, playing a crucial role in gas exchange and water regulation.

_Structure:_

A stoma consists of:

1. _Guard cells_: Two specialized cells that surround the pore.
2. _Pore_: The small opening between the guard cells.
3. _Subsidiary cells_: Cells surrounding the guard cells.

_Functions:_

1. _Gas exchange_: Stomata allow for the exchange of gases, including:
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake for photosynthesis.
- Oxygen (O2) release as a byproduct of photosynthesis.
2. _Water regulation_: Stomata help regulate water loss through transpiration.
3. _Temperature regulation_: Stomata can influence leaf temperature.
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