Barklice Psocoptera are an order of insects that are commonly known as booklice , barklice or barkflies . [1] They first appeared in the Permian period, 295–248 million years ago. They are often regarded as the most primitive of the hemipteroids . [2] Their name originates from the Greek word ψῶχος, psokhos meaning gnawed or rubbed and π τ ε ρ ά, ptera meaning wings . [3] There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in recent years. [4] They range in size from 1–10 millimeters (0.04–0.4 in) in length. The species known as booklice received their common name because they are commonly found amongst old books —they feed upon the paste used in binding . The barklice are found on trees, harmlessly feeding on algae and lichen . No member of this order is currently considered endangered ; in fact, in 2007, Atlantopsocus adustus , a species native to Madeira and the Canary Islands, was found to have colonized the mild Cornish coast of southwest England. [5] Psocids are small, scavenging insects with a relatively generalized body plan. They feed primarily on fungi, algae, lichen, and organic detritus in nature. Psocids lay their eggs in minute crevices or on foliage, although a few species are known to be viviparous . The young are born as miniature, wingless versions of the adult. These nymphs typically molt six times before reaching full adulthood. The total lifespan of a psocid is rarely more than a few months. [6] Reference ^“National Barkfly (Outdoor Psocoptera) Recording Scheme” . www.brc.ac.uk. ^ Christopher O’Toole (2002). Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders. Toronto: Firefly Books. ISBN1-55297-612-2 . ^ John R. Meyer (5 March 2005). “Psocoptera” . North Carolina State University . Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. ^ Alfonso N. García Aldrete (2006). “New genera of Psocoptera (Insecta), from Mexico, Belize and Ecuador (Psoquillidae, Ptiloneuridae, Lachesillidae)” (PDF) . Zootaxa . 1319 : 1–14. ^BBC News, “New insect species arrives in UK” 8 November 2007 Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998). Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed . Oxford University Press. pp. 404–406. ISBN0-19-510033-6
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