The blood smear was stained with Leishman stain and observed under the foldscope thereafter. The Leishman stain consists of two chemical groups, i.e. Azure B (basic dye) and Eosin Y (acidic dye). The erythrocytes stain pink in color due to Eosin Y as hemoglobin is eosinophilic (acidophilic), whereas the Azure B is a cationic dye which gives purple color to the nucleus and blue/light blue to the cytoplasm.
This procedure and foldscopic exercise can be utilized to identify and differentiate leucocytes, malaria parasites, and Trypanosoma.