Soumitra Banerjee

Place:
 
 The
Little Master English Hr. Sec. School, Shamurou, Imphal-West, Manipur


 
 Audience:
 
 High school students


 
 Samples
studied:
 

<ol>
 <li>
 Microstructure
leaf structure
 </li>
 <li>
 Flower
petals microstructure
 </li>
</ol>
<ul class="wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped" data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/microcosmos.foldscope.com\/?p=118291"}'>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG_20181207_120715" class="wp-image-118292 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="118292" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="118292" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544184436","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"143","shutter_speed":"0.029996","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181207_120715" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=118292" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_118291/IMG_20181207_120715.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG_20181207_122316" class="wp-image-118293 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="118293" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="118293" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544185397","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"141","shutter_speed":"0.029996","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181207_122316" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=118293" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_118291/IMG_20181207_122316.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="IMG_20181207_125108" class="wp-image-118294 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="118294" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="118294" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544187068","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"112","shutter_speed":"0.003382","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181207_125108" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=118294" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_118291/IMG_20181207_125108.jpg"/>
 </figure>
 </li>
</ul>

North-East Twinning Program: Hands-on-Demonstration of Foldscope and Its Practical Application in Education-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

Bacteria  was isolated from soil collected from nearby field. Pure culture was obtained. Bacteria was stained by both gram staining and negative staining method and observed under foldscope.

<figure class="wp-block-image">
 <img alt="DSC_0235" class="wp-image-129800 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129800" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550835373","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.006254","title":"","orientation":"3"}' data-image-title="DSC_0235" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129799/DSC_0235.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Bacillus cells with gram stain
 
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<ul class="wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped" data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/microcosmos.foldscope.com\/?p=129799"}'>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="1" class="wp-image-129803 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129803" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="129803" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550850399","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="1" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=129803" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129799/1-19.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 
 Bacillus stained with negative stain under 0.5 mm grid
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
 <li class="blocks-gallery-item">
 <figure>
 <img alt="DSC_0218" class="wp-image-129804 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="129804" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="129804" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1550830202","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"3"}' data-image-title="DSC_0218" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=129804" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_129799/DSC_0218-5.jpg"/>
 <figcaption>
 Bacillus stained with negative stain
 </figcaption>
 </figure>
 </li>
</ul>

Pure Bacillus culture isolated from soil &#8211; #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Stored jack fruit seedlings were infected with cottony black mold mass. Closer look at the black powder like material was observed under foldscope and the following images were captured.


 Spores were arranged in a chain like pattern.


 <img alt="IMG_20180727_135049" class="alignnone wp-image-55148 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="55148" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532699449","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"117","shutter_speed":"0.019998","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180727_135049" data-recalc-dims="1" height="263" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_55113/IMG_20180727_135049.jpg" width="333"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180727_135816" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-55131 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="55131" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532699896","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"112","shutter_speed":"0.007734","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180727_135816" data-recalc-dims="1" height="264" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_55113/IMG_20180727_135816.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180727_135816" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-55134 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="55134" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532699896","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"112","shutter_speed":"0.007734","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180727_135816" data-recalc-dims="1" height="264" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_55113/IMG_20180727_135816-1.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="300"/>


 Fig: Spores under foldscope






 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9306-observing-jackfruit-stored-seeds-infested-fungus-under-foldscope-indiafoldscopephase-1" target="_blank">
 This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>

Observing Jackfruit stored seeds infested fungus under foldscope-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

Place:
 
 University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Engineering


 GKVK, Bengaluru-560 065, Karnataka


 
 
 
 Audience:
 
 Students M. Tech. (Processing and Food Engineering), M. Tech. (Soil and Water Engineering) students (20 students) and Faculty (10 faculties) of the disciplines of Agricultural and Entomology and Processing and Food Engineering.


 
 Date:
 
 23.06.2018


 
 Samples studied:
 

<ol>
 <li>
 Milk powder
 </li>
 <li>
 Leaf and flower samples
 </li>
 <li>
 Pond water sample
 </li>
 <li>
 Insect part
 </li>
 <li>
 Extruded snack food sample
 </li>
</ol>

 <img alt="IMG_20180623_102515" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80073 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80073" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529749515","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"223","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180623_102515" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/IMG_20180623_102515.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180623_103602" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80077 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80077" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529750162","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"498","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180623_103602" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/IMG_20180623_103602.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180623_103337" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80074 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80074" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529750017","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"264","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180623_103337" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/IMG_20180623_103337.jpg" width="300"/>


 <img alt="IMG_20180623_110526" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80079 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80079" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529751926","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"122","shutter_speed":"0.029996","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180623_110526" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/IMG_20180623_110526.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180623_110522" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80082 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80082" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529751923","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"146","shutter_speed":"0.029996","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180623_110522" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/IMG_20180623_110522.jpg" width="300"/>


 <img alt="Snapshot(3)" class="wp-image-80110 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="80110" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="Snapshot(3)" data-recalc-dims="1" height="324" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_80072/Snapshot3.png" width="227"/>




 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9613-hands-on-training-workshop-on-foldscope-and-its-applications-indiafoldscopephase-1" target="_blank">
 This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>

Hands-on Training Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

Place:
 
 Siamsinpawlpi Residential School, Churachandpur, Imphal, Manipur
 
 


 
 Audience:
 
 Students and Teachers


 
 Date:
 
 26.09.2018
 
 


 
 Samples studied:
 

<ol>
 <li>
 Leaf and flowers
 </li>
 <li>
 Sugar and salt crystal
 </li>
 <li>
 Insect
 </li>
</ol>

 <img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80598" data-attachment-id="80598" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1537970262","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"121","shutter_speed":"0.019998","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180926_135742" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://i1.wp.com/microcosmos.foldscope.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/IMG_20180926_135742.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1" width="300"/>
 <img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80599" data-attachment-id="80599" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1537970296","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"116","shutter_speed":"0.009999","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180926_135816" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://i2.wp.com/microcosmos.foldscope.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/IMG_20180926_135816.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1" width="300"/>
 <img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-80600" data-attachment-id="80600" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1537971648","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"112","shutter_speed":"0.001449","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180926_142047" data-recalc-dims="1" height="186" src="https://i1.wp.com/microcosmos.foldscope.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/IMG_20180926_142047.jpg?resize=300%2C186&amp;ssl=1" width="300"/>


 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9627-north-east-twinning-program-workshop-on-foldscope-and-its-applications-for-farmers-indiafoldscopephase-1" target="_blank">
 This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>

North-East Twinning Program: Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications for Farmers- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Infestation found in
 
 : Horse gram


 <img alt="IMG_20180830_150631" class="size-medium wp-image-86316 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86316" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"XT1706","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1535641591","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.5","iso":"409","shutter_speed":"0.049998","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180830_150631" data-recalc-dims="1" height="168" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20180830_150631.jpg" width="300"/>


 Fig: Infested Horse gram pulse


 
 Macrostructure image of infested pest:
 


 <img alt="1" class="size-medium wp-image-86317 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86317" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/1-17.jpg" width="300"/>


 Fig: Infested pest found in Horse gram pulse


 
 A
 
 
 ssumed pest:
 
 
 
 
 Cowpea weevil (
 
 
 Callosobruchus maculatus
 
 
 )
 


 
 Morphological characteristics (observed under foldscope)
 

<ul>
 <li>
 Antenna is slightly serrate from the fourth through apical segment(Fig 1)
 </li>
 <li>
 Elytra with bristle like parallel lines along with hairs and with two black spots(Fig 2)
 </li>
 <li>
 Bears a tooth near the apical end of femur ridge and tarsus of the hind leg is composed of 4 segments(Fig 3)
 </li>
 <li>
 Hind wing with folding lines and has dot like cells between the lines( Fig 4)
 </li>
</ul>

 <img alt="IMG_20181120_161432" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86318 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86318" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542730472","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"159","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_161432" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_161432.jpg" width="199"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20181120_161453" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86319 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86319" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542730493","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"154","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_161453" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_161453.jpg" width="169"/>


 Fig. 1: Antennae of Cowpea weevil under foldscope


 <img alt="WhatsApp Image 2018-07-11 at 3.23.45 PM" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86320 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86320" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="WhatsApp Image 2018-07-11 at 3.23.45 PM" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/WhatsApp-Image-2018-07-11-at-3.23.45-PM.jpeg" width="169"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20181120_162717" class="alignnone wp-image-86321 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86321" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542731237","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"525","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_162717" data-recalc-dims="1" height="247" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_162717.jpg" width="438"/>


 Fig. 2: Elytra of Cowpea weevil under foldscope


 <img alt="IMG_20181120_160402" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86322 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86322" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542729842","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"180","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_160402" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_160402.jpg" width="172"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20181120_160353" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86323 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86323" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542729833","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"142","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_160353" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_160353.jpg" width="213"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20181120_160430" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86324 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86324" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1542729871","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"187","shutter_speed":"0.039995","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20181120_160430" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20181120_160430.jpg" width="183"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180725_155506" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-86325 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86325" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532534107","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"152","shutter_speed":"0.009999","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180725_155506" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20180725_155506.jpg" width="119"/>


 Fig. 3: Hind leg of Cowpea weevil under foldscope


 <img alt="IMG_20180725_143652" class="alignnone wp-image-86326 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86326" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532529412","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"136","shutter_speed":"0.009999","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180725_143652" data-recalc-dims="1" height="235" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20180725_143652.jpg" width="348"/>
 <img alt="IMG_20180725_143519" class="alignnone wp-image-86327 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="86327" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"Lenovo A7020a48","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1532529319","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.68","iso":"139","shutter_speed":"0.009999","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="IMG_20180725_143519" data-recalc-dims="1" height="244" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_86314/IMG_20180725_143519.jpg" width="234"/>


 Fig. 4: Hind wing of Cowpea weevil under foldscope




 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9689-identification-keys-of-storage-pest-cowpea-weevil-indiafoldscopephase-1" target="_blank">
 This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>

Identification keys of storage pest: Cowpea weevil- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Diseased coffee leaves were collected from a local coffee plantation in Karnataka, India.  There was small necrotic spots with yellow border on the upper surface and orange yellow coloured powdery mass on the lower surface of the leaf.


 <img alt="DSC_0138" class="alignnone wp-image-93384 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93384" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1543915465","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="DSC_0138" data-recalc-dims="1" height="230" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0138.jpg" width="308"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0141" class="alignnone wp-image-92670 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="92670" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1543915570","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="DSC_0141" data-recalc-dims="1" height="235" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0141.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="176"/>


 Fig (1): Diseased coffee leaves showing symptoms


 It Is Coffee leaf rust.
 
 Hemileia vastatrix
 
 causes coffee leaf rust, the most important disease of coffee worldwide. The rust infects mainly leaves, but also young fruit and buds.


 The spores found on the leaves were observed under foldscope and could able to observe both urediniospores and teliospores. Urediniospores found yellowish in color with thick walled and spherical in shape, while teliospores are relatively thin walled, blackish in color, smaller and kidney shaped under foldscope.


 <img alt="DSC_0161" class="alignnone wp-image-92675 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="92675" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1543933562","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.006695","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0161" data-recalc-dims="1" height="230" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0161.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="232"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0167" class="alignnone wp-image-92678 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="92678" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1543933872","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.005452","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0167" data-recalc-dims="1" height="229" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0167.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="200"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0174" class="alignnone wp-image-92680 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="92680" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1543934222","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"125","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0174" data-recalc-dims="1" height="219" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0174.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="291"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0188" class="alignnone wp-image-93399 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93399" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544002026","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"250","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="DSC_0188" data-recalc-dims="1" height="205" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0188.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="240"/>
 
 
 
 Fig(2): Urediniospores observed under foldscope without diffuser(1 and 2) and with diffuser (3 and 4) and last image spores were stained with lactophenol cotton blue
 


 <img alt="DSC_0254" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93408 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93408" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544007161","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"50","shutter_speed":"0.007176","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0254" data-recalc-dims="1" height="234" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0254.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0278" class="alignnone wp-image-93409 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93409" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544009222","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"125","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="DSC_0278" data-recalc-dims="1" height="231" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0278.jpg" width="307"/>


 
 Fig(3): Teliospores observed under foldscope without diffuser(1 ) and with diffuser (2 )
 


 <img alt="cm" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93382 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93382" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544010843","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.024004","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="cm" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/cm.jpg" width="189"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0307" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93410 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93410" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544010405","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"125","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="DSC_0307" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0307.jpg" style="font-size: 1.8rem" width="298"/>


 Fig (4): Urediniospores(1) and teliospores (2) observed under conventional bright field compound microscope


 <img alt="DSC_0217" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93417 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93417" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544004712","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"250","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0217" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0217-1.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="DSC_0211" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93404 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93404" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"G3416","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1544004504","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.22","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.030006","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="DSC_0211" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/DSC_0211.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="Picture1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-93427 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="93427" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="Picture1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_92664/Picture1.png" width="300"/>


 Fig(5): Diseased leaf section observed under foldscope, in last image(3) may be germinating teliospore we could observe


 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9722-coffee-leaf-rust-indiafoldscopephase-1" target="_blank">
 This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>

Soumitra Banerjee

Earth

Posts

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Coffee leaf rust- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

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Hands-on Training Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

North-East Twinning Program: Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications for Farmers- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Identification keys of storage pest: Cowpea weevil- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Coffee leaf rust- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

North-East Twinning Program: Hands-on-Demonstration of Foldscope and Its Practical Application in Education-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

Pure Bacillus culture isolated from soil – #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Observing Jackfruit stored seeds infested fungus under foldscope-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

Hands-on Training Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications-#Indiafoldscopephase 1

North-East Twinning Program: Workshop on Foldscope and Its Applications for Farmers- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Identification keys of storage pest: Cowpea weevil- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

Coffee leaf rust- #Indiafoldscopephase 1

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