mamta verma

<p>
 Certain leaves when eaten cause irritation of throat. Such leaves are not even eaten by cattle and other herbivores. When scratched and seen under foldscope the cause was presence of trichomes on the surface of leaves.
</p>
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<p>
</p>


Leaf Trichomes of Daucus carota

<p>
 Here in India Thuja plant is considered an auspicious tree/shrub –
 <strong>
  Morpankhi
 </strong>
 and is linked to knowledge diety and I remember keeping its twigs in between book pages as a child. The male cones were plucked and pollen isolated to see under foldscope.
</p>
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<p>
 <strong>
  Thuja
 </strong>
 – an evergreen, coniferous tree belongs to family cupressaceae ( Cypress family).  Most species of
 <em>
  Thuja
 </em>
 are commonly known as ‘
 <strong>
  arborvitae’
 </strong>
 , the Latin word meaning
 <strong>
  ‘tree of life’
 </strong>
 as it has immense medicinal importance. The species of this genus are widely grown as ornamental trees, hedge plants or as landscape trees.
</p>
<p>
 The shoots are usually flat with side shoots in a single plane. Leaves are scale-like, forming flattened fan shape groupings with resin glands and are arranged in alternating decussate pairs in 4 rows.along the twigs.. The male cones are small and located at the tips of the twigs. These pollen cones are oblong and bear 4-6 pairs of overlapping scale leaves also called sporophylls of which only the central 2-3 pairs are fertile.
</p>
<p>
 The seed cones are however larger than the pollen cones and ellipsoid with 6-12 overlapping leathery scales, with each scale bearing 1-2 small seeds with a pair of narrow lateral wings
</p>
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Pollen explorations of Thuja

<p>
 In the workshop I learnt to assemble and use foldscope for exploring nature. Firstly we all tried observing using permanent slides and then we collected random samples to observe using foldscope.
</p>
<p>
 I tried my hands on onion root tip slide. In theory I had studied different stages of Mitosis in dividing cells – Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. I was able to see the different stages but these were a little blurry. Slight increase in lens magnification can help its use in cytological observations.
</p>
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   <img alt="PHOTO-2019-10-11-21-57-35" class="wp-image-180002 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="180002" data-comments-opened="1" data-id="180002" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2019-10-11-21-57-35" data-link="https://microcosmos.foldscope.com/?attachment_id=180002" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_179993/PHOTO-2019-10-11-21-57-35.jpg"/>
  </figure>
 </li>
</ul>


Observing different stages of Mitosis using foldscope

<p>
 It was a wonderful experience for me to attend foldscope training workshop at SD College. I came to know about Foldscope for the first time. I couldn’t imagine that a paper based microscope can work like a conventional microscope.  I plucked some petunia flowers from college garden and observed its anther and pollen grains under foldscope. Thank you Dua mam and Dhawan mam for giving this opportunity.
</p>
<p>
 Few pictures taken by me
</p>
<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-39650" class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_39650" style="width: 225px">
 <img alt="petunia1" class="size-medium wp-image-39650 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39650" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528454727","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="petunia1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/petunia1.jpg" width="225"/>
 <figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-39650">
  Cluster of Pollen grains of Petunia as observed
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
 <img alt="pet3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-39651 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39651" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528454411","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.00077942322681216","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="pet3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/pet3.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="1 pollen of petunia as viewed under foldscope" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-39652 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39652" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528377883","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"1000","shutter_speed":"0.083333333333333","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="1 pollen of petunia as viewed under foldscope" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/1-pollen-of-petunia-as-viewed-under-foldscope.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2 pollen cluster" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-39653 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39653" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528378128","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"1000","shutter_speed":"0.083333333333333","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2 pollen cluster" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/2-pollen-cluster.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-39654" class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_39654" style="width: 225px">
 <img alt="3 cluster" class="size-medium wp-image-39654 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39654" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528379189","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.083333333333333","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3 cluster" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/3-cluster.jpg" width="225"/>
 <figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-39654">
  Cluster of Pollen grains of Petunia as observed
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-39655" class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_39655" style="width: 225px">
 <img alt="4 pollen of Petunia &amp;#8211; magnified view" class="size-medium wp-image-39655 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39655" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528378904","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.083333333333333","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="4 pollen of Petunia – magnified view" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/4-pollen-of-Petunia-magnified-view.jpg" width="225"/>
 <figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-39655">
  Magnified view
 </figcaption>
</figure>
<figure aria-describedby="caption-attachment-39656" class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_39656" style="width: 225px">
 <img alt="5 pollen" class="size-medium wp-image-39656 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="39656" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2","credit":"","camera":"Redmi 3S","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528378921","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.225","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.04","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="5 pollen" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_39646/5-pollen.jpg" width="225"/>
 <figcaption class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-39656">
  Magnified view of Cluster of Pollen grains of Petunia as observed under foldscope
 </figcaption>
</figure>


Petunia Pollen grains @GGDSD Workshop

<p>
 Sharing with you the peel of Rhoeo leaf – the Oyster plant foldscoped by Yatin @ SD College, Chandigarh
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="roheo peel 1 (1)" class="size-medium wp-image-41005 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41005" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.9","credit":"","camera":"SM-J700F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528377154","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.7","iso":"200","shutter_speed":"0.04","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="roheo peel 1 (1)" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41003/roheo-peel-1-1.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 Peel of Rhoeo leaf
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="roheo peel" class="size-medium wp-image-41006 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41006" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"1.9","credit":"","camera":"SM-J700F","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1528377250","copyright":"","focal_length":"3.7","iso":"500","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="roheo peel" data-recalc-dims="1" height="169" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41003/roheo-peel.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 Magnified view
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
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Rhoeo peel

<p>
 Pink Hollyhock botanically known as
 <em>
  Althaea officinalis,
 </em>
 is a garden herb belonging to Malvaceae family. I plucked a flower growing in my friend’s garden to see its pollen. I was excited to  see a germinating pollen with a long pollen tube piercing through the style using a foldscope.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-41807 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41807" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529333479","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"1"}' data-image-title="" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/Hollyock-flower.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="1" class="alignnone wp-image-41808 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41808" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529341189","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"64","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/1-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41809 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41809" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529340479","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/2-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2a" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41810 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41810" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529340458","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"64","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2a" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/2a.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41811 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41811" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529340495","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"40","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/3-8.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="4" class="alignnone wp-image-41812 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41812" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529341102","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"32","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="4" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/4-7.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41813 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41813" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529340522","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"40","shutter_speed":"0.01","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/5-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="6" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41814 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41814" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529341927","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="6" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/6-5.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="7" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-41815 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41815" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529341941","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="7" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/7-4.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="8" class="size-medium wp-image-41816 aligncenter gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="41816" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1529341978","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="8" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_41805/8-3.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9094-pollen-and-pollen-tube-in-hollyhock-flower" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Pollen and pollen tube in Hollyhock flower

<p>
 Chicken egg is the best source of protein, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Eggs consist of 3 main components: eggshell, egg white, and yolk. Albumen commonly known as egg white is rich in proteins. Albumen color is opalescent and doesn’t appear white until an egg is whipped or cooked. Egg whites are a low-calorie food containing no saturated fat or cholesterol or carbohydrates or sugar. Besides proteins egg vitamin is a good source of vitamins and potassium.
</p>
<p>
 A drop of egg white was taken on a slide and observed under a foldscope. Very fine small spherical to irregular droplets were visible.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44028 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44028" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105061","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/1-18.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44029 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44029" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105257","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.05","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="2" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/2-17.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44030 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44030" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105026","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"250","shutter_speed":"0.05","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/3-20.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="4" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44031 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44031" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105038","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="4" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/4-19.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="5" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44032 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44032" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105027","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"250","shutter_speed":"0.05","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="5" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/5-14.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="6" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44033 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44033" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105272","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.05","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="6" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/6-16.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_2841" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44034 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44034" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105197","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="IMG_2841" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/IMG_2841.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="IMG_2843" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-44035 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="44035" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530105220","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.04","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="IMG_2843" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_44027/IMG_2843.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9123-egg-white" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Egg White

Flower of Adam&#8217;s Needle

<p>
 There is an evergreen, succulent plant – Pepromia growing in a pot in my courtyard. I observed safranin stained transverse sections of the stem to observe its vascular bundles arranged in a ring under the foldscope. Epidermal peel of the leaf revealed irregular cells with presence of secondary metabolites and some aqueous sap filled cells. Stomata with large 3-4 guard cells were also observed. The leaf sap however was not very clear.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47777 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47777" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/1-7.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47778 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47778" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/2-7.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47779 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47779" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/3-6.jpg" width="169"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 <strong>
  <em>
   Pepromia
  </em>
  plant with succulent leaves and thick stem
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="4" class="alignnone wp-image-47780 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47780" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530869210","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="4" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/4-4.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="5" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47781 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47781" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530868992","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="5" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/5-4.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="6" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47782 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47782" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530869090","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"640","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="6" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/6-4.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="7" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47783 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47783" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1530868934","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="7" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/7-5.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 <strong>
  Transverse section of stem showing cells
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="11" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47787 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47787" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="11" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/11-5.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="10" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47786 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47786" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="10" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/10-5.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="9" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47785 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47785" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="9" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/9-5.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 <strong>
  Leaf cells and stomata under foldscope
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="14" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47790 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47790" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="14" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/14-2.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="13" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47789 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47789" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="13" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/13-2.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="12" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-47788 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="47788" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="12" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_47776/12-5.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 <strong>
  Leaf sap as seen under foldscope
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9217-a-succulent-houseplant-pepromia-under-foldscope" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

A succulent houseplant- Pepromia under foldscope

<p>
 Portulaca is a succulent pot herb with fleshy stem and opposite arrangement of leaves. Out of curiosity I observed a leaf of
 <em>
  Portulaca
 </em>
 plant growing in my house under foldscope and was amazed to see the structural configuration.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="IMG_4399" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-49577 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49577" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG_4399" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/IMG_4399.jpg" width="211"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-47-08" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-49578 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49578" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-47-08" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-47-08.jpg" width="169"/>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-49579 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49579" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08_1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-49580 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49580" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08_1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-08_1.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-30" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-49581 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49581" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-30" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-43-30.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-44-17" class="alignnone wp-image-49582 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49582" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-44-17" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-44-17.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-07" class="alignnone wp-image-49583 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49583" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-07" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-07.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p>
 An epidermal peel revealed the stomatal arrangement to be of Paracytic type.  In this type stomata are surrounded by two subsidiary cells which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of pore and guard cells.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-31" class="alignnone wp-image-49584 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49584" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-31" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-45-31.jpg" width="300"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-46-01" class="alignnone wp-image-49585 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="49585" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-46-01" data-recalc-dims="1" height="225" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_49575/PHOTO-2018-07-22-17-46-01.jpg" width="300"/>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9247-portulaca-leaf-under-foldscope" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Portulaca leaf under foldscope

<p>
 I was fascinated to observe a paper microscope @ 2-day workshop held at GGDSD College, Chandigarh. My teachers introduced a folding, pocket microscope that could help explore any tiny thing which cannot be otherwise viewed with the naked eye.
</p>
<p>
 I am excited to share my first post of an epidermal peel of a monocot leaf which I made at the workshop. The typical arrangement of the stomata was worth observing.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="IMG_5255" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58025 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58025" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1535127776","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"1250","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="IMG_5255" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58018/IMG_5255.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="IMG_5254" class="alignnone wp-image-58026 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58026" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1535127763","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"80","shutter_speed":"0.03030303030303","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="IMG_5254" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58018/IMG_5254.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="IMG_5256" class="alignnone wp-image-58027 size-medium gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58027" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"2.2","credit":"","camera":"iPhone 5s","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1535127782","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.15","iso":"1250","shutter_speed":"0.058823529411765","title":"","orientation":"6"}' data-image-title="IMG_5256" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58018/IMG_5256.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p>
 <strong>
  Karuna (3rd Semester), GGDSD College, Chandigarh
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9351-monocot-stomata-foldscope-workshop" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Monocot stomata @ foldscope Workshop

<p>
 Going for a walk along the Silvi park in Mohali near my house, I spotted a broken flower branch. I was unable to identify the flower, but thought of exploring its pollen under foldscope. The pollen were small in size, round in shape and smooth walled.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58774 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58774" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/1-12.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58775 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58775" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/2-10.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58776 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58776" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/3-8.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p style="text-align: center">
 <strong>
  <em>
   Unidentified flower and its stigma
  </em>
 </strong>
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="4" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58777 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58777" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="4" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/4-8.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="5" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58778 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58778" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="5" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/5-10.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="6" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-58779 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="58779" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="6" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_58773/6-6.jpg" width="225"/>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9361-pollen-of-an-unknown-flower-under-foldscope" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Pollen of an unknown flower under foldscope

<p>
 <img alt="1" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61690 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61690" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="1" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/1-7.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="2" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61691 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61691" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="2" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/2-9.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="3" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61692 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61692" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/3-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="3A" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61693 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61693" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="3A" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/3A.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="4" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61694 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61694" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="4" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/4-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="5" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61695 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61695" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="5" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/5-6.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="6" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61696 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61696" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="6" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/6-5.jpg" width="225"/>
 <img alt="8" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-61698 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="61698" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="8" data-recalc-dims="1" height="300" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_61684/8-5.jpg" width="246"/>
</p>
<p>
 Protuberances were seen on Cucurbit leaves in the kitchen garden. I plucked a leaf to observe these outgrowths under foldscope. I could see presence of spore like structures. What are these warts due to, I am unable to make out ????
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9402-bumps-on-cucurbita-leaves" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Bumps on Cucurbita leaves

Starch grains in rice flakes

<p>
 I saw Brahmi plant growing in college herbal garden. Brahmi – Bacopa monnieri also called Indian pennywort is a creeping herb found along wetlands under wild conditions or else cultivated as it is used widely in Ayurvedic medicine.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-25-13" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65622 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65622" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-25-13" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-25-13.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-45" class="size-thumbnail wp-image-65620 alignright gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65620" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-45" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-45.jpg" width="150"/>
</p>
<ul>
 <li>
  It has anti-oxidant properties and other multiple benefits and believed to be goldmine in medicine.
 </li>
 <li>
  When harvested from the wild, it is important to pluck it from unpolluted sites as it has tendency to absorb heavy metals
 </li>
 <li>
  Small white colour flowers borne in leaf axils
 </li>
 <li>
  Stamens – 4 -didynamous
 </li>
 <li>
  Filaments short and anther lobes considerably longer
 </li>
 <li>
  Pollen appeared oblong, bead- like spheroids, when seen through foldscope
 </li>
</ul>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-30-22" class="alignnone wp-image-65627 size-thumbnail gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65627" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-30-22" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-30-22.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-26-58" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65623 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65623" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-26-58" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-26-58.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-02" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65624 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65624" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-02" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-02.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-41" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65625 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65625" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-41" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-28-41.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-44" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65619 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65619" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-44" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-23-44.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-29-32" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-65626 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="65626" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-29-32" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_65618/PHOTO-2018-09-04-10-29-32.jpg" width="150"/>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9431-pollen-grains-of-brahmi-through-foldscope" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

Pollen grains of Brahmi through foldscope

<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-30-11" class="size-thumbnail wp-image-68888 alignright gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="68888" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-30-11" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_68882/PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-30-11.jpg" width="150"/>
</p>
<p>
 Simple, multicellular and uniseriate trichomes were observed in crushed Tulsi leaf. The trichomes had a pointed tip and were embedded within.
</p>
<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-35-48" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-68885 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="68885" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-35-48" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_68882/PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-35-48.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-29-09" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-68886 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="68886" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-29-09" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_68882/PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-29-09.jpg" width="150"/>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-37-05" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-68887 gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="68887" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-37-05" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_68882/PHOTO-2018-10-02-21-37-05.jpg" width="150"/>
</p>
<p>
</p>


Trichomes in Tulsi leaf

<p>
 <img alt="PHOTO-2018-12-05-22-12-41" class="size-thumbnail wp-image-96985 alignright gcloudimg" data-attachment-id="96985" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}' data-image-title="PHOTO-2018-12-05-22-12-41" data-recalc-dims="1" height="150" src="https://storage.googleapis.com/microcosmosdelta.appspot.com/images/transfer_96980/PHOTO-2018-12-05-22-12-41.jpg" width="150"/>
 Milk cream samples obtained from a dairy showed fungal growth. On foldscoping the sample, sporangia were observed on long sporangiophores. The fungal hyphae had grown extensively to form a mat- like structure. Is it a fungal biofilm ?
</p>
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</div>
<p class="winnower-cite-link">
 <a href="https://thewinnower.com/papers/9746-spoilage-of-dairy-products" target="_blank">
  This post is open to read and review on The Winnower.
 </a>
</p>

mamta verma

Earth

Posts

Leaf Trichomes of Daucus carota

Pollen explorations of Thuja

Observing different stages of Mitosis using foldscope

Petunia Pollen grains @GGDSD Workshop

Locations

Statistics

Type of Sample

Foldscope Lens Magnification